The action was filed by a consumer who purchased a phone from the company and entered into a written agreement to resolve disputes through individual arbitration. Despite the arbitration agreement, the consumer subsequently filed a suit in state court on behalf of herself and all similarly situated California consumers. The action was removed to federal court. The federal district court refused the company's motion to compel arbitration and the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed. The appellate court held that precedent compelled a finding that the arbitration agreement was unconscionable under California law and that state law is not preempted by the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA), 9 U.S.C. ยงยง1-16.
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